New Brunswick

New Brunswick is one of the ten provinces of Canada, located on the eastern coast of the country. It is the only province in Canada that is officially bilingual, with both English and French being recognized as official languages. The province is known for its stunning natural beauty, with a diverse landscape that includes rugged coastline, dense forests, and rolling hills. New Brunswick is also home to the famous Bay of Fundy, known for having the highest tides in the world. The province has a population of approximately 780,000 people and its capital city is Fredericton. The economy of New Brunswick is largely based on natural resources such as forestry, fishing, and mining, as well as industries like manufacturing, information technology, and tourism.

The Diverse Geography of New Brunswick

New Brunswick, located on the eastern coast of Canada, is a province known for its stunning landscapes and diverse geography. From rugged coastlines to lush forests, this region offers a plethora of natural wonders that captivate both locals and tourists alike.

One of the most striking features of New Brunswick is its coastline, which stretches over 2,250 kilometers along the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Bay of Fundy. The Bay of Fundy is famous for having the highest tides in the world, reaching up to 16 meters in height. These dramatic tidal changes create a unique ecosystem where various marine species thrive. It’s a sight to behold as you witness the waterline recede for miles during low tide, revealing hidden caves and sandbars that were once submerged.

Moving inland, the province is adorned with enchanting forests that cover over 80% of its land area. The Acadian Forest, a mix of deciduous and coniferous trees, dominates much of the landscape. Walking through these woods, you will encounter towering sugar maples, majestic white pines, and vibrant red spruces. The forest floor is carpeted with mosses, ferns, and wildflowers, creating a lush and serene atmosphere.

As you venture further into the heartland of New Brunswick, you’ll encounter the Appalachian Mountains. This ancient mountain range runs through the province, offering breathtaking vistas and excellent hiking opportunities. Mount Carleton, the highest peak in the Maritimes, stands proudly at 820 meters above sea level. From its summit, you can gaze upon an expansive panorama of rolling hills, shimmering lakes, and dense forests that stretch as far as the eye can see.

New Brunswick is also home to several stunning waterfalls that cascade down rocky cliffs and into crystal-clear pools below. The Grand Falls, aptly named for its grandeur, is a natural wonder that will leave you in awe. With a width of 120 meters and a drop of 23 meters, it’s an impressive display of nature’s power. The mist created by the cascading waters gives rise to rainbows, adding an ethereal touch to the already mesmerizing scene.

In addition to its natural beauty, New Brunswick is dotted with charming coastal villages and vibrant cities. Saint John, the largest city in the province, is known for its rich history and stunning architecture. The historic district showcases beautiful Victorian-era buildings that transport you back in time. Meanwhile, the city of Moncton offers a bustling urban experience with a vibrant arts scene and delicious culinary delights.

Fun fact: Did you know that New Brunswick is home to the world’s longest covered bridge? The Hartland Covered Bridge spans a staggering 391 meters across the Saint John River, connecting two communities in a picturesque and nostalgic fashion.

Whether you’re a nature enthusiast, history buff, or food lover, New Brunswick has something to offer everyone. Its diverse geography, from coastal wonders to mountainous landscapes, provides endless opportunities for exploration and adventure. So, pack your bags and immerse yourself in the beauty of this captivating province.

The History of New Brunswick

New Brunswick, a picturesque province located on the eastern coast of Canada, has a rich and fascinating history that dates back centuries. From its early Indigenous inhabitants to its colonial past and eventual incorporation into the Canadian Confederation, New Brunswick’s story is one of resilience, diversity, and cultural heritage.

Early Inhabitants:

Before the arrival of European settlers, New Brunswick was home to various Indigenous groups, including the Mi’kmaq, Maliseet, and Passamaquoddy peoples. These First Nations communities had a deep connection to the land and relied on hunting, fishing, and gathering for sustenance. Archaeological evidence suggests that Indigenous peoples have inhabited this region for at least 10,000 years.

European Exploration:

The first European to explore the area now known as New Brunswick was the French explorer Jacques Cartier in 1534. However, it was not until the early 1600s that permanent European settlements were established. French colonizers, led by Samuel de Champlain, established the first French settlement at Saint Croix Island in 1604. This marked the beginning of French influence in the region.

Acadian Settlements and Expulsion:

Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, New Brunswick was predominantly settled by Acadians, descendants of French colonists. The Acadians thrived in the region, developing a unique culture and way of life. However, tensions between the British and French empires escalated, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians in 1755.

The Acadian Expulsion, also known as the Great Upheaval, saw thousands of Acadians forcibly removed from their homes and scattered across North America. Many Acadians fled to Louisiana, where their descendants became known as Cajuns. Despite this tragic event, the Acadian culture persevered, and today, New Brunswick proudly celebrates its Acadian heritage.

British Rule and Loyalist Settlers:

Following the Expulsion, New Brunswick became a British territory. In the late 18th century, thousands of Loyalists, Americans who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution, sought refuge in New Brunswick. These Loyalist settlers brought with them their own traditions and customs, contributing to the cultural mosaic of the province.

Confederation and Growth:

New Brunswick played a pivotal role in the formation of Canada. In 1867, the province became one of the original four provinces to join the newly established Canadian Confederation. Its strategic location on the Atlantic coast made it an important transportation hub, facilitating trade and commerce between Canada, Europe, and the United States.

Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, New Brunswick experienced significant industrial growth, particularly in shipbuilding, forestry, and mining. The province’s natural resources, including its vast forests and mineral deposits, attracted investment and fueled economic development.

Interesting Fact: Did you know that New Brunswick is home to the world’s longest covered bridge? The Hartland Covered Bridge, spanning across the Saint John River, stretches an impressive 391 meters (1,282 feet)!

Modern New Brunswick:

Today, New Brunswick continues to thrive as a vibrant province with a diverse population. Its cities, such as Fredericton (the capital), Saint John, and Moncton, are centers of culture, education, and innovation. The province’s natural beauty, including its stunning coastline, picturesque landscapes, and national parks, attracts tourists from around the world.

New Brunswick’s history is celebrated through numerous festivals, museums, and cultural events. The Acadian Festival in Caraquet showcases Acadian music, dance, and cuisine, while the New Brunswick Highland Games celebrate Scottish heritage. The province’s rich history and cultural diversity make it a fascinating destination for both residents and visitors alike.

As New Brunswick looks to the future, it continues to embrace its past while striving for economic growth and sustainability. With its resilient spirit and commitment to preserving its heritage, New Brunswick remains a truly remarkable province with a story that captivates all who explore its history.

Saint John: The Lively Hub of New Brunswick

Welcome to Saint John, the lively hub of New Brunswick! Nestled on the picturesque Bay of Fundy, this vibrant city offers an abundance of natural beauty, rich history, and a thriving arts and culture scene.

As the largest city in the province, Saint John is a bustling metropolis with a population of over 70,000. The city’s economy has a strong focus on industries such as shipping, manufacturing, and tourism, making it a dynamic and diverse place to live and visit.

One of the city’s most iconic landmarks is the Reversing Falls, a natural phenomenon where the Bay of Fundy tides collide with the Saint John River, creating a mesmerizing spectacle. Visitors can witness this phenomenon up close from Fallsview Park or take a boat tour for a truly immersive experience.

For history buffs, Saint John is an absolute treasure trove. The city’s historic uptown area is home to beautifully preserved 19th-century architecture and is a designated National Historic Site of Canada. Explore the narrow streets lined with charming shops, galleries, and restaurants, or take a guided walking tour to learn about the city’s fascinating past.

If you’re in the mood for some outdoor adventure, Saint John won’t disappoint. The Irving Nature Park offers breathtaking coastal trails, perfect for hiking or picnicking with stunning views of the Bay of Fundy. Rockwood Park, located just minutes from downtown, is a sprawling urban park encompassing over 2,200 acres of forests, lakes, and trails. Here, you can go kayaking, play golf, or even try your hand at disc golf.

Next on our journey through New Brunswick is Fredericton – the charming capital city of the province.

Fredericton: Where History Meets Nature

Welcome to Fredericton, where history meets nature in a harmonious blend. Situated along the majestic Saint John River, this vibrant and picturesque capital city is known for its rich heritage, stunning landscapes, and thriving arts community.

As you stroll through the tree-lined streets of Fredericton, you’ll notice the city’s commitment to preserving its history. The Historic Garrison District, a National Historic Site, is home to the iconic Changing of the Guard ceremony and showcases beautifully restored military buildings from the 19th century. Be sure to visit the Fredericton Region Museum, where you can delve deeper into the city’s past.

Nature lovers will find solace in the city’s many parks and green spaces. Odell Park, with its extensive trail network and towering trees, is a haven for hikers and birdwatchers alike. Just outside the city lies one of New Brunswick’s most beloved attractions, the Kings Landing Historical Settlement. Step back in time to the 19th century as costumed interpreters bring history to life in this living museum.

Fredericton also boasts a vibrant arts scene. The Beaverbrook Art Gallery showcases a diverse collection of Canadian and international art, while the Playhouse hosts a variety of performances, including theater, dance, and music. If you’re lucky enough to visit during the summer, be sure to catch the renowned Harvest Jazz & Blues Festival, which attracts top musicians from around the world.

Our final stop takes us to Moncton – a city where modern urban life meets natural wonders.

Moncton: Where Urban Life Meets Natural Wonders

Welcome to Moncton, where modern urban life seamlessly blends with breathtaking natural wonders. Situated in southeastern New Brunswick, this vibrant city offers a unique mix of cultural attractions, outdoor adventures, and warm Maritime hospitality.

Moncton is perhaps best known for its iconic landmark, the Magnetic Hill. Experience the mind-boggling phenomenon of your car appearing to roll uphill, defying gravity’s laws. This optical illusion is a must-see for visitors of all ages. While you’re there, explore the Magnetic Hill Zoo, home to over 600 animals from around the world.

If you’re seeking a taste of Acadian culture, head to Moncton’s bustling downtown area. Stroll through the colorful streets of the Petitcodiac neighborhood, where you’ll find charming boutiques, art galleries, and delicious Acadian cuisine. Be sure to try traditional dishes like poutine râpée or fricot for an authentic culinary experience.

For nature enthusiasts, Moncton offers an abundance of outdoor activities. Centennial Park is a sprawling urban green space with walking trails, a large lake for boating, and even a treetop adventure course. If you’re up for a day trip, hop on the Fundy Coastal Drive and marvel at Hopewell Rocks, where giant flowerpot-shaped rock formations stand tall against the powerful tides of the Bay of Fundy.

Whether you’re exploring the historic uptown area of Saint John, immersing yourself in the culture of Fredericton, or marveling at the natural wonders of Moncton, New Brunswick’s cities offer something for everyone. From rich history to stunning landscapes, these cities are sure to leave a lasting impression on any visitor.

Tourism in New Brunswick: Exploring the Natural Splendor and Rich Heritage

New Brunswick, located in Eastern Canada, is a province that boasts an array of captivating attractions, from stunning natural landscapes to vibrant cultural experiences. This hidden gem offers a unique blend of untamed wilderness, charming coastal towns, and rich historical heritage, making it an ideal destination for travelers seeking adventure and tranquility. Let us delve into the wonders that await you in this enchanting province.

1. Bay of Fundy: Prepare to be awestruck by the unparalleled beauty of the Bay of Fundy, home to the highest tides in the world. Witness the dramatic rise and fall of the water level, creating fascinating landscapes like Hopewell Rocks. These colossal rock formations, sculpted by the powerful tides, stand like sentinels against the backdrop of the bay. Explore the sea caves, walk on the ocean floor during low tide, or embark on a thrilling kayaking adventure as you marvel at this natural wonder.

2. Fundy National Park: Immerse yourself in nature’s embrace at Fundy National Park, where lush forests, sparkling waterfalls, and serene lakes beckon you. Lace up your hiking boots and traverse the park’s extensive network of trails, each leading to breathtaking vistas and hidden gems. Discover the enchanting beauty of Dickson Falls or embark on a bird-watching expedition to spot rare species in their natural habitat. Camping enthusiasts can find solace in one of the park’s well-equipped campgrounds, offering a truly immersive outdoor experience.

3. Saint John: The city of Saint John, nestled on the Bay of Fundy’s shores, is a vibrant urban center with a rich maritime history. Explore its charming streets adorned with Victorian-era architecture, browse through boutique shops, and indulge in delectable seafood at local eateries. Don’t miss the chance to visit the Saint John City Market, Canada’s oldest continuing farmers’ market, where you can sample local produce and artisanal goods. For history buffs, the New Brunswick Museum offers fascinating exhibits showcasing the province’s cultural heritage.

4. Acadian Coastal Drive: Embark on a scenic road trip along the Acadian Coastal Drive, a route that winds through picturesque coastal villages and offers breathtaking views of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Immerse yourself in Acadian culture as you explore the charming town of Caraquet, known for its vibrant festivals and warm hospitality. Visit the Village Historique Acadien, an open-air museum that brings Acadian history to life through interactive exhibits and live demonstrations.

5. Magnetic Hill: Experience a mind-boggling phenomenon at Magnetic Hill in Moncton. As you drive to the bottom of this hill and put your vehicle in neutral gear, be prepared to witness the inexplicable as it appears to roll uphill against the force of gravity. This optical illusion attracts visitors from around the world, leaving them in awe and wonder.

6. Roosevelt Campobello International Park: Delve into history at Roosevelt Campobello International Park, a unique park shared by Canada and the United States. This park preserves the summer retreat of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, offering a glimpse into his personal life and political legacy. Take a guided tour of the Roosevelt Cottage, stroll through beautifully manicured gardens, and explore the scenic trails that showcase the island’s natural beauty.

Visiting New Brunswick means immersing yourself in a tapestry of natural wonders, cultural heritage, and warm hospitality. Whether you seek outdoor adventures, historical exploration, or simply a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of daily life, this province will captivate your senses and leave you with memories that last a lifetime. Plan your trip to New Brunswick now and embark on an unforgettable journey through this hidden gem of Eastern Canada.

1. Fundy National Park

Nestled on the Bay of Fundy, Fundy National Park is a natural wonderland that will leave you in awe. The park boasts breathtaking coastal cliffs, lush forests, and serene freshwater lakes. Hiking enthusiasts will be thrilled to explore over 120 kilometers of trails, ranging from easy strolls to challenging treks. One of the park’s most remarkable features is the Hopewell Rocks, where you can witness the world’s highest tides and walk on the ocean floor during low tide.

2. Magnetic Hill

Prepare to have your mind blown at Magnetic Hill, a perplexing phenomenon located near Moncton. When you drive to the bottom of the hill and put your car in neutral, it will appear to roll uphill against gravity. It’s an optical illusion that has baffled visitors for years. Make sure to visit the Magnetic Hill Zoo, adjacent to the attraction, which houses over 400 animals from around the world.

3. The Bay of Fundy

The Bay of Fundy is a natural marvel that should not be missed. Known for having the highest tides on the planet, this UNESCO World Heritage site attracts visitors from far and wide. Watch as billions of gallons of water flow in and out of the bay twice a day, revealing picturesque seascapes and allowing for unique experiences like tidal bore rafting and kayaking. Don’t forget to sample the local seafood delicacies while visiting charming fishing villages along the coast.

4. Saint John City Market

Experience the vibrant culture and history of New Brunswick at Saint John City Market, Canada’s oldest continuously operated farmers’ market. The market, housed in a stunning 19th-century building, offers a wide range of fresh produce, local crafts, and delicious food. Stroll through the bustling aisles, chat with friendly vendors, and indulge in mouthwatering treats like lobster rolls and maple-infused sweets.

5. Acadian Historical Village

Step back in time and immerse yourself in Acadian culture at the Acadian Historical Village in Caraquet. This living history museum showcases over 40 authentic buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries, preserving the heritage and traditions of the Acadian people. Wander through the village, interact with costumed interpreters, and learn about the fascinating history of this resilient community.

6. Kouchibouguac National Park

If you’re a nature lover, Kouchibouguac National Park is a must-visit destination. This coastal park offers a diverse range of ecosystems, including salt marshes, sand dunes, and lagoons. Explore the park’s extensive network of biking and hiking trails, go kayaking along meandering rivers, or simply relax on one of its idyllic sandy beaches. Keep an eye out for the park’s abundant wildlife, including the endangered piping plover.

7. Hopewell Rocks

Prepare to be amazed by the sculptural wonders of the Hopewell Rocks. These iconic rock formations, carved by tidal erosion, stand as tall as a five-story building. At low tide, you can walk on the ocean floor and admire these towering flowerpot-shaped rocks up close. As the tide comes in, witness the water engulfing the rocks, transforming them into small islands. The Hopewell Rocks provide a truly unique and unforgettable experience.

8. Roosevelt Campobello International Park

Step into history at Roosevelt Campobello International Park, located on Campobello Island. This park preserves the beloved summer retreat of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his family. Explore the stunning grounds, stroll through beautiful gardens, and tour the historic Roosevelt Cottage. Learn about the life and legacy of the 32nd President of the United States while enjoying the park’s natural beauty.

9. Reversing Falls

The Reversing Falls in Saint John is a natural phenomenon that will leave you in awe. At high tide, the powerful Bay of Fundy tides clash with the Saint John River, causing a dramatic reversal of water flow. Witness the rapids and whirlpools forming as water forces its way upstream against the natural current. Take a boat tour to experience this incredible display of nature firsthand.

10. New Brunswick Museum

Delve into the rich history and culture of New Brunswick at the New Brunswick Museum in Saint John. This museum features an impressive collection of artifacts, exhibits, and interactive displays that showcase the province’s natural and cultural heritage. Learn about the native Mi’kmaq people, explore the geological wonders of the region, and discover the fascinating stories that have shaped New Brunswick over centuries.

The Best Time to Travel to New Brunswick

New Brunswick, the charming province on the eastern coast of Canada, boasts a diverse landscape that attracts travelers year-round. From stunning coastlines and beautiful national parks to vibrant cities and historical sites, this province offers something for everyone. However, deciding on the perfect time to visit can be a daunting task. Luckily, we’ve got you covered with this guide to the best time to travel to New Brunswick.

Spring:

Spring in New Brunswick is a delightful time when nature awakens from its winter slumber. From late March to May, the province bursts into a riot of colors as flowers bloom and trees regain their lush green foliage. The temperatures gradually rise, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities like hiking, birdwatching, and cycling. Don’t miss the stunning displays of wildflowers at Fundy National Park or the charming cherry blossoms in Fredericton.

• Weather: Mild temperatures ranging from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F)
• Highlights: Blooming flowers, pleasant weather

Summer:

Summers in New Brunswick are truly magical. From June to August, the province comes alive with festivals, events, and an abundance of outdoor adventures. With average temperatures ranging between 20°C and 25°C (68°F and 77°F), it’s the perfect time to explore the stunning coastline, relax on sandy beaches, or embark on whale-watching tours. Head to the iconic Hopewell Rocks during low tide to witness towering flowerpot-shaped rock formations that will leave you awestruck.

• Weather: Warm temperatures ranging from 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F)
• Highlights: Festivals, beach activities, whale-watching, Hopewell Rocks

Fall:

Fall in New Brunswick is a breathtaking spectacle as the landscape transforms into a kaleidoscope of vibrant hues. From September to November, the province’s forests become adorned with fiery reds, oranges, and yellows, creating an enchanting atmosphere. It’s the perfect time for scenic drives along the Fundy Coastal Drive or exploring the picturesque fishing villages along the Acadian Coastal Drive. Make sure to visit Kouchibouguac National Park, where you can witness the annual migration of thousands of Monarch butterflies.

• Weather: Mild temperatures ranging from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F)
• Highlights: Fall foliage, scenic drives, Monarch butterfly migration

Winter:

Winter in New Brunswick may be chilly, but it offers a unique charm and plenty of exciting activities. From December to February, the province becomes a winter wonderland with snow-covered landscapes and frozen rivers. Embrace the cold with thrilling activities like skiing, snowshoeing, ice fishing, and snowmobiling. Head to Mount Carleton Provincial Park for some exhilarating snow-capped mountain adventures or enjoy ice skating on one of the many frozen lakes.

• Weather: Cold temperatures ranging from -5°C to -20°C (23°F to -4°F)
• Highlights: Winter sports, snowy landscapes, ice skating

In summary, New Brunswick offers something unique and captivating during every season. Whether you prefer the vibrant colors of fall, the warm beaches of summer, or the winter wonderland activities, this province has it all. Consider your interests and preferred weather conditions to determine the perfect time to explore the wonders of New Brunswick.

Living in New Brunswick